Chapter 4 – Urinary Bladder
4.1 Adenocarcinoma
4.1.1 clear cell
4.1.2 urachal
4.1.2.1 urothelial carcinoma from the urachus
4.1.3 nonurachal
4.2 Adipose tissue
4.2.1 In mucosa
4.2.2 In muscularis propria
4.3 Artifacts
4.3.1 carryover artifact simulating pT2
4.4 Amyloidosis
4.5 Atypia
4.5.1 of unkown significance
4.5.2 reactive
4.6 BCG (see granulomatous cystitis)
4.6a Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome (See Hemangioma)
4.7 Condyloma
4.8 Cystitis
4.8.1 bullous
4.8.2 edematous
4.8.3 incrusted (encrusted)
4.8.4 eosinophilic
4.8.5 erosive
4.8.6 follicular
4.8.7 foreign body (calcified)
4.8.8 giant cell
4.8.9.1 usual
4.8.9.2 cystica
4.8.9.3 intestinal
4.8.9.4 florid
4.8.10.1 BCG
4.8.10.2 post-TUR
4.8.11 hemorrhagic
4.8.11.1 secondary ro radiotherapy
4.8.11.2 associated with polyomavirus
4.8.12 interstitial
4.8.13 papillary
4.8.14 polypoid
4.8.15 polyomavirus associated
4.8.16 radiation(actinic)
4.8.16.1 with pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia
4.8.17 due to Schistosoma haematobium
4.9. Cytomegalovirus (cystitis associated with)
4.10 Diverticulum (See Urothelial carcinoma, usual)
4.11 Dysplasia
4.12 Ectopic prostate tissue
4.13 Endocervicosis
4.14 Endometriosis
4.15 Extrophy
4.16 Granulation tissue
4.17 Hamartoma
4.18 Hemangioma
4.18.1 associated with Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome
4.18.2 associated with Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome
4.19 Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor
4.20 Inverted papilloma (See Papilloma, inverted)
4.21 Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome (See Hemangioma)
4.22 Leiomyoma
4.23 Leiomyosarcoma
4.24 Malakoplakia
4.24.1 associated with urothelial carcinoma
4.24a Melanoma
4.25 Metaplasia
4.25.1 squamous
4.25.1.1 physiologic in the trigone
4.25.2 intestinal
4.25.3 nephrogenic (see Nephrogenic adenoma/metaplasia)
4.26 Metastases or secondary involvement
4.26.1.html" target="dap-principal">4.26.1 metastases of urothelial carcinoma to lymph node
4.26.2 metastases from gastric adenocarcinoma to the urinary bladder
4.26.3 secondary involvement frorm carcinoma of the cervix
4.26.4 secondary involvement from adenocarcinoma of the colon
4.27 Müllerionosis
4.28 Muscularis mucosae
4.29 Nephrogenic adenoma/metaplasia
4.30 Neurofibromatosis
4.31 Normal epithelium
4.32 Pagetoid spread
4.32.1 In prostate ducts
4.33 Papilloma
4.33.1 Inverted
4.34 Papillomatosis
4.35 Papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential
4.35a Paraganglia
4.36 Paraganglioma
4.37 Polyp
4.37.1 fibroepithelial
4.38 Postoperative spindle cell nodule
4.39 Sarcoma
4.39.1 embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
4.39.2 granulocytic
4.40 Squamous cell carcinoma
4.41 Solitary fibrous tumor
4.42 Umbrella cells
4.42.1 with degenerative atypia
4.43 Urachal
4.43.1 rests
4.43.2 carcinoma
4.44 Ureter
4.44.1 intramural
4.45 Urothelial carcinoma
4.45.1 Configuration
4.45.1.1 papillary
4.45.1.2 non papillary
4.45.1.3 cribriform
4.45.1.4 inverted growth
4.45.2 Grading
4.45.2.1 low-grade
4.45.2.2 high-grade
4.45.3 Staging
4.45.3.1 pTis
4.45.3.1.1 in Von Brunn nests
4.45.3.1.2 pagetoid
4.45.3.1.3 clinging
4.45.3.1.4 Cribriform Tis urothelial carcinoma
4.45.3.2 pTa
4.45.3.3 pT1
4.45.3.4 pT2
4.45.3.4.1 with desmoplasia
4.45.3.5 pT3
4.45.4 Differentiation
4.45.4.1 glandular
4.45.4.2 squamous
4.45.4.3 squamous + glandular
4.45.4.4 rhabdoid
4.45.4.5 trophoblastic
4.45.4.6 villoglandular
4.45.4.7 with chondroid stroma
4.45.4.8 with osteoid stroma
4.45.4.9 with stroma similar to giant cell tumor of bone
4.45.5 Variants
4.45.5.1 glycogen rich
4.45.5.2 lipid rich
4.45.5.3 lymphoepithelioma-like
4.45.5.3.1 rich in eosinophils
4.45.5.4 microcystic
4.45.5.5 micropapillary
4.45.5.6 nested
4.45.5.7 plasmacytoid
4.45.5.8 sarcomatoid
4.45.5.9 small cell
4.45.5.9.1 with chondroid stroma
4.45.5.10 usual
4.45.5.10.1 in diverticulum
4.45.5.11 viloglandular
4.46 Urothelial hyperplasia
4.46.1 pseudocarcinomatous secondary to radiotherapy
4.46.2 pseudocarcinomatous secondary to vesicointestinal fistula due to intestinal diverticulitis
4.47 Vascular emboli
4.48 Verrucous carcinoma
4.49 von Brunn nests
4.49.1 with atypia